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EMPIRE-2D Structural Calculation

Used Calculations

Buckling length

The buckling length of a bar, on the flat surface of the construction, is determined by the transformation of the bar,
see figure below. Here the buckling length is equal to the largest distance of the two consecutive bending points.
If the bar is clamped at both points lxy<l/2 then becomes lxy=l/2. If the bar is hinged on one side then lxy<0.7l
becomes lxy=0.7l. If the bar is hinged on both sides then lxy=1. Lz always equals l.

The buckling length may also be set manually see changing rods. The buckling point is largely dependant on the calculation step size.

Determining Omega

The value of w depends on how thin the rod is.

where:

Bar Tensions

For every rod a few tension tests are carried out on two cross-sections. These cross-sections are:

* The cross-section where the largest moment is in effect.
* The cross-section where the largest transverse force is in effect.